Differences in nonoxidative sulfur metabolism between normal human breast MCF-12A and adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell lines

Recent studies have revealed the role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the development of breast cancer. The capacity of cells to generate H2S and the activity and expression of the main enzymes (cystathionine beta synthase; CBS, cystathionase γ-lyase; CGL, 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase; MPST and thiosulfate sulfurtransferase; TST) involved in H2S metabolism were analyzed using an in vitro model of a non-tumourigenic breast cell line (MCF-12A) and a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). In both cell lines, MPST, CGL, and TST expression was confirmed at the mRNA (RT-PCR) and the protein (Western Blot) level, while CBS expression was detected only in MCF-7 cells. Elevated levels of GSH, sulfane sulfur and increased CBS and TST activity were presented in the MCF-7 compared to the MCF-12A cells. It appears that cysteine might be mainly a substrate for GSH synthesis in breast adenocarcinoma. Increased capacity of the cells to generate H2S was shown for MCF-12A compared to MCF-7 cell line. Results suggest an important function of CBS in H2S metabolism in breast adenocarcinoma. The presented work may contribute to further research on new therapeutic possibilities for breast cancer - one of the most frequently diagnosed types of cancer among women.