Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Metal–Organic Frameworks/Covalent–Organic Frameworks for CO2 Capture and Conversion

CO2 capture and conversion have garnered worldwide attention in view of the objective of sustainable development and carbon neutrality. Recently, ionic liquid-functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) or covalent–organic frameworks (COFs) (MOFs/COFs) offer a rising platform for the effective CO2 separation from specific gas mixture and CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals. Benefiting from the synergistic effect offered by ILs and MOFs/COFs, IL-MOFs/COFs exhibit better exceptional adsorption/catalytic performance than pristine MOFs/COFs or ILs. Herein, the review intends to establish a primary database for the recently emerging IL-MOFs/COFs in CO2 capture and conversion, covering the functionalization strategies, interaction between ILs and MOFs/COFs, and the representative applications, aiding in the rational design and optimization of novel IL-MOFs/COFs with exceptional properties for real-world application. Along this line, CO2 capture from different systems (CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and CO2/C2H2) and further conversion into multiproducts (cyclic carbonate, hydrocarbon, alcohol, and others), along with the mechanism insight into ILs and MOFs/COFs in such adsorption/catalytic processes are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of IL-MOFs/COFs in such emerging and topical fields have been elaborated.