Rzeczywistość w anime, anime w rzeczywistości. Nowe praktyki fanowskie

The article focuses on anime with realistic settings based on Japanese locations and on new practices among viewers inspired by these films. Japanese animation is famous for its ability to create fantasy landscapes and otherworldly sceneries, yet it is not known for its pursuit of realism. Animation, as a medium, is used for creating new worlds rather than depicting the existing one. But in the last two decades by presenting real sites in Japan, anime has made a remarkable shift in its orientation towards realism. Director Shinkai Makoto has established his career on rendering digital images of places from his surroundings and turning them into movies. Many other animators followed in his footsteps and created series depicting real-life locations from Tokyo as well as rural Japan. Kyoto Animation Studio is famous for using detailed renderings of real-life locations as settings of its nichijōkei anime series. These new practices in creating anime have resulted in new practices among viewers, such as seichijunrei and butaitanbō. In these new fan practices the evolution of anime as a medium can be observed: from one that creates fantastic landscapes into the one that gives a new visibility to existing locations.