Shipping network vulnerability assessment integrated with geographical locations

In maritime transport, ports undertake the routes and markets of surrounding ports after they fail during emergencies. The transfer and replacement of routes are subject to port-hinterland relationships, spatial agglomeration, and geopolitical environments, which are realistic expressions of port location from the perspectives of economy, geography, and geopolitics. However, the irreplaceability of ports influenced by geographic location has been ignored in previous evaluations of network vulnerability, which has exaggerated the network vulnerability. To address the aforementioned problems, an irreplaceability model based on the port's geographical location was constructed. This model systematically simulates the changing trend of shipping network vulnerability and reveals the damage effect of the shipping network under the influence of emergencies to bring the vulnerability assessment results of shipping networks closer to reality.