Interventions for patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance: a narrative review

Current evidence supporting interventions for patients on AS remains largely based on small prospective cohort studies or open-label phase II trials. There is growing interest in short-term ARPIs for patients at higher risk of disease progression, while nutraceuticals, diet and exercise may have a role for long-term use in lower-risk patients. Large, well-powered RCTs with long-term outcomes testing different interventions and incorporating molecular and imaging biomarkers are warranted.