Chemotaxis‐guided Self‐propelled Macrophage Motor for Targeted Treatment of Acute Pneumonia

Abstract Immune cells exhibit great potential as carriers of nanomedicine, attributed to their high tolerance to internalized nanomaterials and targeted accumulation in inflammatory tissues. However, the premature efflux of internalized nanomedicine during systemic delivery and slow infiltration into inflammatory tissues have limited their translational applications. Herein, a motorized cell platform as a nanomedicine carrier for highly efficient accumulation and infiltration in the inflammatory lungs and effective treatment of acute pneumonia are reported. β‐Cyclodextrin and adamantane respectively modified manganese dioxide nanoparticles are intracellularly self‐assembled into large aggregates mediated via host‐guest interactions, to effectively inhibit the efflux of nanoparticles, catalytically consume/deplete H 2 O 2 to alleviate inflammation, and generate O 2 to propel macrophage movement for rapid tissue infiltration. With curcumin loaded into MnO 2 nanoparticles, macrophages carry the intracellular nano‐assemblies rapidly into the inflammatory lungs via chemotaxis‐guided, self‐propelled movement, for effective treatment of acute pneumonia via immunoregulation induced by curcumin and the aggregates.