制氢
电力转天然气
碱性水电解
高温电解
电解
按来源划分的电力成本
聚合物电解质膜电解
高压电解
工艺工程
氢
氢经济
可再生能源
资本成本
天然气
废物管理
蒸汽重整
环境科学
发电
化学
工程类
电解质
电气工程
功率(物理)
物理
有机化学
电极
物理化学
量子力学
作者
Hossein Nami,Omid Babaie Rizvandi,Christodoulos Chatzichristodoulou,Peter Vang Hendriksen,Henrik Lund Frandsen
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116162
摘要
Power-to-X technologies will play a key role in the future energy market, converting renewable electricity to chemicals. The first step in most Power-to-X schemes is the production of hydrogen. Several electrolysis technologies capable of producing hydrogen by water/steam splitting are currently available, each characterized by specific advantages and drawbacks and more are under development. This work presents a techno-economic analysis of green hydrogen production via alkaline electrolysis and solid oxide electrolysis technologies. Their current state of development and anticipated improvements are also considered; an alkaline electrolyzer operating at high pressure and temperature and a solid oxide electrolyzer operating at high pressure. The projected costs of electrolytic hydrogen via the different routes are compared to the cost of hydrogen derived from natural gas with and without CO2 capture. Threshold CO2 taxes needed for different electrolysis technologies to be cost-competitive are derived as a function of natural gas price and levelized cost of electricity. With the projected capital expenditure for solid oxide electrolyzers, reducing the levelized cost of electricity from 60 to 30 €/MWh would decrease the cost of hydrogen from 3.2 to 1.9 €/kg by 2050. With today’s capital expenditure, natural gas price of 30 €/MWh and electricity price of 30 €/MWh, a CO2 tax of 90 €/tCO2 would make electrolytic hydrogen from alkaline electrolyzers cheaper than hydrogen derived from natural gas. It was found that feeding free steam increases the efficiency of the low-pressure solid oxide electrolyzer from 79 to 94%.
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