脂肪变性
非酒精性脂肪肝
肝硬化
脂毒性
脂肪性肝炎
纤维化
肝细胞
促炎细胞因子
发病机制
脂肪肝
炎症
医学
内科学
内分泌学
胰岛素抵抗
生物
疾病
胰岛素
生物化学
体外
作者
Wensheng Liu,Robert D. Baker,Tavleen Bhatia,Lixin Zhu,Susan S. Baker
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00018-016-2161-x
摘要
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathological features of NASH include steatosis, hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and various degrees of fibrosis. Steatosis reflects disordered lipid metabolism. Insulin resistance and excessive fatty acid influx to the liver are two important contributing factors. Steatosis is also likely associated with lipotoxicity and cellular stresses such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which result in hepatocyte injury. Inflammation and fibrosis are frequently triggered by various signals such as proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, released by injuried hepatocytes and activated Kupffer cells. Although much progress has been made, the pathogenesis of NASH is not fully elucidated. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current understanding of NASH pathogenesis, mainly focusing on factors contributing to steatosis, hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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