汽化
毛细管作用
蒸发
海水淡化
材料科学
化学工程
环境科学
化学
热力学
复合材料
膜
工程类
物理
生物化学
有机化学
作者
El Said A. Nouh,Tianyu Liu,Zacary L. Croft,Guoliang Liu
出处
期刊:ACS materials letters
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2024-01-12
卷期号:: 602-610
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01593
摘要
Nature, through billions of years of evolution, has constructed extremely efficient biosystems for transporting, confining, and vaporizing water. Mankind’s ability to master water, however, is far from impeccable, and a sustainable supply of clean fresh water remains a global challenge. Here, we learn from Nature and prepare papyrus carbon (PC) from Egyptian papyrus paper as a sustainable solar desalination material. By taking advantage of the capillary pores from vascular bundles that are inherently built for transporting water in plants, PC achieves an evaporation rate of 4.1 kg m–2 h–1 in a passive single-stage device. Raman spectroscopy and thermal calorimetry show that the capillary pores pose a confinement effect to generate loosely hydrogen-bonded intermediate water, which substantially reduces the enthalpy of vaporization, allowing for exceptionally high energy efficiencies. The understanding is applicable to all nature-designed vascular plants and man-made separation and purification systems.
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