Frequency of autoantibodies and their associated clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Patients with DCM are more likely to have elevated levels of anti- β1-AR, M2-R, ANT and myosin autoantibodies compared to HCs, as well as higher levels of ANT Abs compared to patients with ICM. Anti-β1-AR, calcium channel, and TnI Abs may play an essential role in DCM severity and poor prognosis. This study represents the first comprehensive meta-analysis regarding autoantibody prevalence and DCM and may thus potentially guide the clinical management of such patients. However, further research is warranted to evaluate the accuracy of this presumed role of autoantibodies in DCM, owing to the small number of the studies included and their high degree of heterogeneity.