Natural components as surface engineering agents for CRISPR delivery

This perspective article discusses the potential of using natural and environmentally friendly components as surface engineering agents for CRISPR delivery. Traditional delivery methods for CRISPR have limitations and safety concerns, and surface engineering has emerged as a promising approach. This perspective provides an overview of current research, including the use of lipids, proteins, natural components (like leaf extracts), and polysaccharides to modify the surface of nanoparticles and nanomaterials to improve delivery efficiency, stability, and (in some cases) cellular internalization ability. The advantages of using natural components include biocompatibility, biodegradability, engineered functionality, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Also in-depth discusses about the challenges and future perspective of this field, such as a better understanding of underlying mechanisms and optimization of delivery methods for different cell line types and tissues, as well as the generation of novel inorganic nanomaterials, including MOF and MXene, for CRISPR delivery, and their synergistic potentials using leaf extracts and natural components provided. The use of natural components as surface engineering agents for CRISPR delivery has the potential to overcome the limitations of traditional delivery methods, eliminating the biological and physicochemical challenges, and represents a promising area of research.