2D materials for marine corrosion protection: A review

The pervasive issue of metal corrosion in various industrial environments, especially in marine settings, incurs significant economic costs and hazardous failures. Traditional protection methods, although diverse, fall short in durability and environmental adaptability, necessitating advanced solutions, such as two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, layered double hydroxides, boron nitride, MXenes, and MoS2. These materials offer exceptional barrier properties against corrosive agents due to their high surface area and minimal thickness, enhancing the lifespan and reliability of metal assets under harsh conditions. Innovations such as self-repairing coatings and advanced application techniques, such as automated spraying and rapid photocuring, further augment their effectiveness. In this Review, recent advancements in the development and application of 2D material-enhanced coatings are reviewed, underscoring their potential in revolutionizing marine corrosion protection through improved performance metrics and sustainability. The challenges and prospects of these novel materials are also discussed, highlighting the need for further research to overcome application hurdles and realize their full potential in industrial uses.