烟酰胺单核苷酸
NAD+激酶
糖酵解
化学
细胞生长
生物化学
细胞周期
烟酰胺
柠檬酸循环
烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶
细胞
新陈代谢
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸
酶
生物
作者
Yan Liu,Chengting Luo,Ting Li,Wenhao Zhang,Zhaoyun Zong,Xiaohui Liu,Haiteng Deng
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c01037
摘要
Decreased cellular NAD+ levels are causally linked to aging and aging-associated diseases. NAD+ precursors in oxidized form such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) have gained much attention and been well studied for their ability to restore NAD+ levels in model organisms. Less is known about whether NAD+ precursors in reduced form can also efficiently increase the tissue and cellular NAD+ levels and have different effects on cellular processes than NMN or NR. In the present study, we developed a chemical method to produce dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH), which is the reduced form of NMN. We demonstrated that NMNH was a better NAD+ enhancer than NMN both in vitro and in vivo, mediated by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT). Additionally, NMNH increased the reduced NAD (NADH) levels in cells and in mouse livers. Metabolomic analysis revealed that NMNH inhibited glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NMNH induced cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell growth. Nevertheless, NMNH treatment did not cause an observable difference in mouse weight. Taken together, our work demonstrates that NMNH is a potent NAD+ enhancer and suppresses glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and cell growth.
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