[Clinical effect of one-stage total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis with femoral extra-articular deformity].

Objective: To investigate the application and efficacy of the one-stage total knee arthroplasty (TKA) of intra-articular compensation osteotomy in knee osteoarthritis(KOA) patients with extra-articular deformity (EAD). Methods: A retrospective study of 9 patients with end-stage KOA and EAD undergoing one-stage TKA from January 2014 to December 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University was performed. There were 3 males and 6 females with an average age of 56 years(range, 19-77 years);5 cases of simple coronal deformity (varus 10°-27°, mean 18.2°), 3 cases of sagittal deformity (recurvatum15°-35°, mean 22.6°), 1 case combined with coronal and sagittal deformity (varus 16°, recurvatum 31°); hemophilia dysplasia in 1 case, fracture malformation in 8 cases. Main outcome measures included the mechanical axis, range of motion (ROM) and Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS). Results: The mean follow-up period was 33.2 months (range, 25-47 months). The mechanical axis angle was restored from 12.4°±4.1°to 1.4°±0.9°(t=7.954, P<0.01). The HSS was improved from 28±14 preoperatively to 87±7 postoperatively (t=-11.174, P=0.013). The ROM increased from 56°±22°to 99°±8° (t=-5.480, P=0.010). There was no complications such as joint instability, infection, fracture, common peroneal nerve injury and early prosthesis loosening. Conclusions: For KOA patients with femoral EAD, one-stage TKA with intra-articular compensatory osteotomy can effectively restore the mechanical axis and obtain satisfying joint function. Through a series of measures such as preoperative measurement, soft tissue evaluation and 3D printing, the accuracy of surgery can be improved and the difficulty of surgery can be reduced.目的： 探讨一期关节内代偿截骨的全膝关节置换术（TKA）在伴有股骨侧关节外畸形（EAD）的膝骨关节炎（KOA）患者中的应用及其疗效。 方法： 系统回顾2014年1月至2017年12月在浙江中医药大学附属第一医院骨伤科接受一期TKA的9例合并有股骨侧EAD的终末期KOA患者的资料。其中男3例，女6例；平均年龄56岁（19~77岁)；单纯冠状面畸形5例（内翻10°~27°，平均18.2°)，单纯矢状面畸形3例（向后成角15°~35°，平均22.6°)，冠状面与矢状面联合畸形1例（内翻16°，向后成角31°)；血友病发育不良1例，骨折畸形愈合8例。比较术前及术后患侧膝关节下肢力线、关节活动度（ROM）和美国特种外科医院膝关节评分（HSS）的差异。 结果： 术后随访时间25~47个月，平均33.2个月，机械轴角度由术前的12.4°±4.1°恢复至末次随访的1.4°±0.9°(t=7.954，P<0.01)，HSS由术前的28±14提高到87±7(t=-11.174，P=0.013)，ROM由56°±22°增加至99°±8°(t=-5.480，P=0.010)。期间无关节不稳、感染、骨折、腓总神经损伤和早期假体松动等并发症。 结论： 对于伴有股骨侧EAD的KOA患者，关节内代偿截骨与同期TKA能有效恢复患肢的机械轴线，获得满意的关节功能。通过术前测量、软组织评估和3D打印等系列措施，可提高手术精准度、降低手术难度。.