In order to study the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters difference between South China 205 and its tetraploid, modulated chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system Imaging-Pam was used to measure the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results showed that: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in tetraploid were significantly increased, also the fluorescence parameters including Fo, ΦPSⅡ, q P and ETR, while NPQ was significantly decreased, Fv/Fmwas not significantly changed. Chlorophyll content and ΦPS Ⅱ, q P and ETR were increased significantly, indicating that light-harvesting ability and photochemical conversion rate in PSII reaction center of tetraploid leaves were higher than that of SC205 and the photosynthesis efficiency of the tetraploidy was improved.