Direct comparison of revascularization techniques in an adult North American moyamoya patient: case report and literature review

Objective To compare the effectiveness of two different revascularization techniques in a single patient with moyamoya disease . Setting Academic neurosurgery practice. Design Retrospective chart review and evaluation of radiographic results. Participants North American adult Caucasian female with moyamoya disease, who underwent direct revascularization in one hemisphere (superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery bypass) and indirect revascularization in the other hemisphere (pial synangiosis) in close temporal proximity. Outcome measures Clinical evaluation and radiographic follow-up for two years. Catheter-based cerebral angiography , CT angiography, and CT perfusion imaging were used to assess results. Results Both hemispheres showed revascularization following bypass with significant cortical supply. The direct bypass demonstrated superior flow and territory coverage. Conclusions This case provides a demonstration of both main revascularization techniques for moyamoya disease in a single adult patient over the same time period, allowing for a direct comparison. While the indirect technique showed evidence of revascularization, the direct bypass showed more vascular supply. A comprehensive review of recent case series supports this conclusion.