光致发光
纳米材料
纳米技术
材料科学
碳纤维
柠檬酸
碳化
机制(生物学)
化学
光电子学
物理
有机化学
扫描电子显微镜
量子力学
复合数
复合材料
作者
Wiktor Kasprzyk,Tomasz Świergosz,Piotr P. Romańczyk,Jochen Feldmann,Jacek K. Stolarczyk
出处
期刊:Nanoscale
[The Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:14 (39): 14368-14384
被引量:14
摘要
Carbon dots (CDs), an emerging class of nanomaterials, have attracted considerable attention due to their intriguing photophysical properties. Despite their indisputable potential of utilization in many fascinating areas of research and life, some fundamental aspects concerning their structure and the origin of their photoluminescence (PL) properties still await clarification. The mechanism of PL emission of CDs is associated with their structure, which is dependent on the carbonization process. At the initial stages of CD synthesis via a bottom-up approach, molecular fluorophores are considered to dominate the optical characteristics of the resulting nanomaterials. In this review, the recent progress in the use of molecular state theory for explanation of the structure-property relationship in CDs is summarized. This review focuses exclusively on the molecular fluorophores existing in nanomaterials prepared from citric acid (CA) as one of the most frequent carbon sources reported for the bottom-up synthesis of CDs. Consequently, the most relevant transformations of CA and the history of molecular fluorophores derived from it are described, followed by an in-depth discussion on their relevance in understanding the specific photophysical properties of blue-, green-, and red-emitting CDs. Finally, the challenging issues and future perspectives of molecular state PL mechanism exploration in CDs are highlighted.
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