Nonlinear static and dynamic (deflection/stress) responses of porous functionally graded shell panel and experimental validation

The static and dynamic characteristics of functionally graded (FG) structures have been investigated in this article, considering full geometrical nonlinearity. The finite element (FE) solutions are obtained for the graded panel by modelling through higher-order kinematics (HSDT) and Green-Lagrange strain-displacement relations (GLNST). The desired graded panel properties are obtained through Voigt’s micromechanical approach, considering different grading patterns (exponential, EPL; sigmoid, SGM and power law, POL). Additionally, to maintain the generality of the graded structure, different porosity distribution types (even and uneven, EVP and UEP) are incorporated into the proposed mathematical model. Further, the numerical solutions are obtained using Newmark’s method’s direct iterative technique and constant integration steps. The solution sensitivities are verified for the developed algorithm via adequate convergence and comparison tests. In addition, the experimental validation is performed using the layerwise fabricated luffa-fibre reinforced FG plates to validate the proposed theoretical model’s accuracy. Lastly, the responses are computed using the newly derived model for the variable design-dependent parameters associated with the FG structural geometry and properties. The final deliverables, that is the nonlinear deflection responses (NDFR)/stress values, are discussed under mechanical loadings (static and dynamic).