Metal–Organic Frameworks for Water Decontamination and Reuse

Anthropogenic activities during the industrial revolution had a detrimental effect on the biotic components of the earth’s surface. The rise in global population, together with rising energy and commodity consumption, poses a danger to the long-term viability of life on this planet for coming generations. As more parts of the world face water scarcity, water reuse is becoming highly relevant. Wastewater treatment to achieve the purity necessary for a range of uses from cultural irrigation to drinking water is therefore critical. Numerous studies of wastewater treatment using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been published. MOFs have shown an effective reduction of toxic components from wastewater effluent due to their interesting architectures and remarkable physical characteristics. The current chapter presents a complete and critical examination of the sources of water pollution, various wastewater treatment technologies, and the use of MOFs for organic and inorganic pollutant removal, as well as the latest research on MOFs for pollutant removal potential. This chapter also discusses the numerous types of inorganic and organic pollutants released by pharmaceuticals and personal care products, industrial products, and agricultural water remediation methods currently in use before considering future prospects.