Resveratrol, a novel inhibitor of fatty acid binding protein 5, inhibits cervical cancer metastasis by suppressing fatty acid transport into nucleus and downstream pathways

Background and Purpose Because of cervical cancer (CC) metastasis, the prognosis of diagnosed patients is poor. However, the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approach for metastatic CC remain elusive. Experimental Approach In this study, we first evaluated the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on CC cell migration and metastasis. Via an activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) approach, a photoaffinity probe of RSV (RSV‐P) was synthesized, and the protein targets of RSV in HeLa cells were identified. Based on target information and subsequent in vivo and in vitro validation experiments, we finally elucidated the mechanism of RSV corresponding to its antimetastatic activity. Key Results The results showed that RSV concentration‐dependently suppressed CC cell migration and metastasis. A list of proteins was identified as the targets of RSV, through the ABPP approach with RSV‐P, among which fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) attracted our attention based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis. Subsequent knockout and overexpression experiments confirmed that RSV directly interacted with FABP5 to inhibit fatty acid transport into the nucleus, thereby suppressing downstream matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9) expression, thus inhibiting CC metastasis. Conclusions and Implications Our study confirmed the key role of FABP5 in CC metastasis and provided important target information for the design of therapeutic lead compounds for metastatic CC.