Research Progress on Antimicrobial Biomaterials

ABSTRACT Bacterial infections and biofilm‐associated complications pose significant global health challenges, exacerbated by antibiotic overuse and multidrug‐resistant strains. In this review, we commence by delving into the processes of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Subsequently, we elaborate on the mechanisms underlying passive antibacterial adhesion‐resistant surfaces and active sterilization materials. Finally, we introduce the application potential of multi‐mechanism synergistic and intelligent‐responsive antimicrobial materials in the biomedical field. This study systematically explores the design principles and performance optimization strategies of antimicrobial materials. It offers theoretical guidance for the development of a new generation of antimicrobial materials with improved efficacy and safety.