Effects of deep eutectic solvents on the activity and stability of enzymes

From introduction of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in 2003 and because of their unique properties such as low melting points, safety, low cost of raw material, availability, sustainability, and biodegradability, DESs are garnering attention in various fields of technology, particularly biocatalysis. Progress in these fields has illustrated that enzymes are able to maintain and even improve their activity and stability in DES-based media. Consequently, they became promising alternatives as developed solvents, cosolvents, or additives over conventional organic solvents. The current study reviewed the recent progress of the effects of various DESs on the function and stability of different enzymes.