Review of Arnebia euсhroma as a Potential Medicinal Plant Based on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity

Abstract: Arnebia euchroma, commonly known as "Pink Arnebia," is a plant from the Boraginaceae family found in Western and Central Asia. Traditionally, it has been used to treat respiratory, gastrointestinal, and dermatological ailments. Recent studies have highlighted its pharmacological properties and potential health advantages, resulting in increased interest in this plant. Pharmacognostic investigations have revealed the presence of various beneficial phytochemicals. Phytochemical studies have identified several bioactive compounds in A. euсhroma, such as eugormoside A, eugormoside B, scopoletin, and β-sitosterol, which exhibit diverse biological activities like antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-ulcer effects. The therapeutic potential of these bioactive compounds suggests that A. euсhroma could be beneficial for a wide range of diseases. Pharmacological studies have validated the plant's healing properties, demonstrating its antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. Furthermore, A. euсhroma extracts possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can potentially mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases. Other pharmacological actions of A. euсhroma include wound healing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic effects. Overall, A. euсhroma exhibits promise as a medicinal plant with significant health benefits. However, further research is required to identify the active compounds responsible for its pharmacological activity and elucidate their primary mechanisms of action. Additionally, clinical studies are necessary to assess its safety and efficacy when used therapeutically. The primary objective of this review is to showcase the phytochemical composition and traditional ethnopharmacological applications of A. euchroma worldwide. The study examines previous research concerning this plant, laying the foundation for a forward-looking perspective on the potential future of A. euchroma.