Hydrogen Peroxide Responsive Hafnium-Based Nanomaterials for Enhanced Tumor Radiosensitization

to generate highly toxic hydroxyl radicals, inducing severe oxidative stress and irreparable DNA double-strand breaks. Both systematic in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that this strategy effectively inhibits tumor proliferation and induces apoptosis. Notably, in a triple-negative breast cancer model, this platform remodels the hypoxic microenvironment, achieving remarkable tumor suppression. This work presents a paradigm of precision radiotherapy that integrates microenvironment modulation with multimodal killing, offering a robust strategy against refractory malignancies.