All-Fiber Multifunctional Electrooptic Prototype Device with a Graphene/PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate)) Hybrid Film Integrated on Coreless Side-Polished Fibers

All-fiber optic devices with the merits of easy compatibility, strong anti-interference ability, and high robustness have been extensively studied in past years. However, the fabrication processes of these devices are complex and costly, and most of them are usually single-functional. Here, we demonstrate an all-fiber electro-optical prototype device with a graphene/PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) hybrid film integrated on the CSPF (coreless side-polished fiber) for the first time. The as-fabricated GP-CSPF can be used as an electro-optical modulator with an amplitude modulation efficiency of 1.13 dB/V at a wavelength of 1540 nm, which is comparable to state-of-the-art modulators based on graphene. The internal working mechanism of the GP-CSPF was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The results indicate that LMR (lossy mode resonance) and electrothermo optic effects work together on the device to achieve electro-optical modulation. Meanwhile, the GP-CSPF also can be used as a photoconductance-type detector with a responsivity of 0.44 A/W in the near-infrared region. Furthermore, the theoretical responsivity can even reach 1649 A/W under ideal conditions with an illumination power of 10–10 W. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time for LMR to be applied to electro-optical modulation and photodetection. We believe that our work can provide a strategy for designing all-in fiber multifunctional devices in optical communications and sensing.