析氧
阳极
电解水
氧化剂
分解水
制氢
电化学
阴极
氢
电解法
材料科学
电解槽
化学工程
电解质
电极
氧化还原
电化学电池
电解
催化作用
化学
无机化学
生物化学
物理化学
有机化学
工程类
光催化
作者
Hen Dotan,Avigail Landman,Stafford W. Sheehan,Kirtiman Deo Malviya,Gennady E. Shter,Daniel A. Grave,Ziv Arzi,Nachshon Yehudai,Manar Halabi,Netta Gal,Noam Hadari,Coral Cohen,Avner Rothschild,Gideon S. Grader
出处
期刊:Nature Energy
[Springer Nature]
日期:2019-09-13
卷期号:4 (9): 786-795
被引量:298
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41560-019-0462-7
摘要
Electrolytic hydrogen production faces technological challenges to improve its efficiency, economic value and potential for global integration. In conventional water electrolysis, the water oxidation and reduction reactions are coupled in both time and space, as they occur simultaneously at an anode and a cathode in the same cell. This introduces challenges, such as product separation, and sets strict constraints on material selection and process conditions. Here, we decouple these reactions by dividing the process into two steps: an electrochemical step that reduces water at the cathode and oxidizes the anode, followed by a spontaneous chemical step that is driven faster at higher temperature, which reduces the anode back to its initial state by oxidizing water. This enables overall water splitting at average cell voltages of 1.44–1.60 V with nominal current densities of 10–200 mA cm−2 in a membrane-free, two-electrode cell. This allows us to produce hydrogen at low voltages in a simple, cyclic process with high efficiency, robustness, safety and scale-up potential. Conventionally, the two half reactions involved in water electrolysis occur simultaneously, presenting materials and process challenges. Here, the authors decouple these to split water efficiently in two steps: electrochemical hydrogen evolution, followed by spontaneous oxygen evolution at elevated temperature.
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