TiO2 as a source of titanium

Abstract Titanium is one of the most important metallic materials, which is mainly produced from titanium oxides/titanium minerals through the Kroll process. Furthermore, titanium metal has many desirable properties, that is, it is light but strong and good corrosion resistant. However, its use still has been restricted because of its high processing cost, which is mainly due to its multistep production processes—pyrometallurgical process (the Kroll process). It is well known that TiO2 is hard to convert to Ti. Attempts involving electrochemical production of titanium from titanium dioxide in liquid salts have been investigated for many years, and many works involving titanium production from titanium dioxide have been reported. In this chapter, as one of the important applications of TiO2, TiO2 as a source of titanium has been introduced in detail. The conventional Kroll process has been reviewed, and many other works related to the electrolytic production of titanium from titanium dioxide in liquid salts have also been discussed.