Lead Oxide Enveloped in N-Doped Graphene Oxide Composites for Enhanced High-Rate Partial-State-of-Charge Performance of Lead-Acid Battery

Lead oxide/graphene oxide composites are prepared by a pyrolysis method followed by ultrasound pickling treatment to improve the high-rate partial-state-of-charge (HRPSoC) performance of lead-acid battery for hybrid-electric vehicles. Employing this composite in the negative plate can effectively alleviate the aggregation of PbSO4 crystals and accelerate the redox processes of lead species; the plate-specific capacitance and HRPSoC cycle life of lead-acid battery are thus significantly enhanced with the good inhibition of the hydrogen evolution process. The fewer carboxyl groups on N-doped graphene oxide and the undissolved lead oxide nanoparticles are considered to contribute to the enhanced cycle life performance. As a result, this lead oxide/graphene oxide composite holds potential application in the negative plate of lead-acid battery with high capacitance and long cycle life.