Carbon reduction-oriented demand response technology based on aggregated utilization of demand-side energy storages

Energy storage plays an important role in the decarbonization of power system. However, the absence of an efficient carbon information transmission mechanism, coupled with limitations in the power supply infrastructure and line transmission conditions at certain demand-side energy storage locations, poses challenges to effectively reconciling economic viability with low-carbon usage imperatives. Therefore, this paper proposes a solution based on carbon reduction-oriented demand response technology driven by energy storages. This model utilizes marginal emission factors to reflect the reaction of demand-side energy storages’ charging and discharging behavior on carbon emissions in the power system. Based on energy storage resource aggregation and sharing, flexible allocation and utilization of energy storage resources is achieved. Firstly, the carbon emission information transmission mechanism for carbon reduction guidance towards demand-side users is proposed. Secondly, an operational architecture of carbon reduction-oriented demand response based on aggregated utilization of demand-side energy storages is built, which specifies the implementation forms and interaction mechanism of the proposed technology. Thirdly, the optimal operation model of demand-side energy storages based on resource aggregation and sharing is proposed to realize optimized energy storage capacity allocation and operation, as well as to support the carbon reduction benefit evaluation of demand response strategies. Finally, the carbon reduction feasibility of the model is analyzed based on the case studies of PJM 5-bus system, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method. ● Two carbon emission factors are used separately as carbon measurement and carbon guidance signals. ● System architecture for carbon reduction-oriented demand response technology driven by energy storage. ● Distribute the carbon reduction fairly based on the contributions of different energy storage systems.