Fabrication of the low-k films with tunable k value as spacers in advanced CMOS technology

In advanced CMOS technology, a suitable spacer scheme is crucial to alleviate the effects of increasing parasitic resistance and capacitance on device performance as the critical dimensions shrinking. Low dielectric constant (low-k) films, possessing a tunable k value ranging from 3.5 to 6.5, were fabricated using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition in a single chamber. The fabrication process involved the deposition of the SiN film via SiH2I2 with N2 plasma, as well as the deposition of the SiOX, SiOCN, and SiON films using diisopropylamino silane with O2, Ar/O2, and N2/O2 plasmas, respectively. The introduction of groups containing carbon (C) tended to loosen the film structure, due to its weak bond strength with Si, thus made distinctions in structural and electrical stability. We developed such a process which can adjust the C-group concentration and O, N content to tune the film k value. The SiOx, SiOCN, SiON, and SiN films had high breakdown strength of 9.04, 7.23, 9.41, and over 11 MV cm−1, and meanwhile low leakage current density of 2.42 × 10−9, 4.78 × 10−8, 1.29 × 10−9, and 9.26 × 10−10 A cm−2, respectively. The films exhibited remarkable thermal stability, enhanced breakdown strength, and suppressed leakage with annealing treatment, which could be attributed to the desorption of —CHX groups. Moreover, the low-k materials demonstrated excellent step coverage both in the inner-spacer cavity and on sidewalls, exploring the potential application as spacers in advanced CMOS structure.