Fabrication and applications of surface micro/nanostructures by femtosecond laser

With the ongoing advancement of processing technology, one of the hottest subjects is the manufacturing of materials with distinctive surface micro/nanostructures. Among these, femtosecond laser processing has been widely adopted as a high-precision and high-efficiency fabricating technology. When compared to other traditional processing methods, femtosecond laser processing has some advantages in controllable micro/nanostructures processing and can fabricate a wide range of structures, including periodic structures, microporous array structure, three-dimensional structure, composite structures, and so on. They have many applications, including optical anti-counterfeiting, anti-reflection, superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic properties, and so on. This article reviews the simplified mechanism of femtosecond laser processing material, typical surface micro/nanostructures fabricated by femtosecond laser, and typical applications of femtosecond laser-fabricated surface micro/nanostructures. It proves the technical prospect and application potential of femtosecond laser fabrication of surface micro/nanostructures.