Peer-to-Peer Electricity-Hydrogen Trading Among Integrated Energy Systems Considering Hydrogen Delivery and Transportation

This article proposes peer-to-peer trading for multiple integrated energy systems (IESs). In this trading framework, electricity and hydrogen gas are traded in two different forms: electricity is transmitted by the electrical power lines while the hydrogen is transported by trailers via the road transportation network. To optimize this multi-energy trading, a Nash bargaining problem is formulated and solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), which decomposes the trading into two subproblems. The first problem is a local operation problem in a single IES, which aims to fulfill the local operation of IESs and negotiate the traded energy amount and arrival time. The second problem is a price bargain to negotiate the energy prices between IESs. Subsequently, considering the difficulty in solving the trading problem caused by hydrogen delivery through the road transportation network with time delay and service continuity, a novel linearized vehicle transportation model is established to realize the mutual conversion between delivery time frame and geographical area. Finally, the proposed transaction mechanism and method are tested and verified based on a three IESs case located in eastern France. Also, the analysis regarding the optional trading frame, the efficiency of the improved hydrogen transportation model, and the impact of external hydrogen prices are carried out to prove the effectiveness and economy of the proposed frame.