Global Disease Burden of Immune‐Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs), 1990–2021

ABSTRACT Immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) represent a heterogeneous group of chronic disorders that impose significant global health burdens. Despite therapeutic advancements, comprehensive epidemiological assessments remain limited. This study analyzes the global burden of seven major IMIDs from 1990 to 2021 and projects trends to 2046. Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 dataset, we assessed the age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), and disability‐adjusted life years rate (ASDR) across 204 countries. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends, and an ARIMA model was used to predict future burdens. The correlation between the age‐standardized rate (ASR) and sociodemographic index (SDI) was assessed using Pearson's test. Inequality was evaluated using the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index (CI). From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of IMIDs showed decreases in both ASDR and ASMR, with asthma primarily driving this trend. However, ASIR varied significantly across regions and diseases, with asthma exhibiting the highest overall ASIR. In 2021, the Republic of Haiti recorded the highest ASIR of asthma at 1617.116 per 100,000, whereas the Independent State of Papua New Guinea had the highest asthma‐related ASMR and ASDR. The SDI was negatively correlated with ASDR and ASMR but positively correlated with the ASIR. Projections show that the ASIR will decrease by 36.5% by 2046 and that ASDR and ASMR are expected to decrease by 41.2% and 74.9%, respectively. Geographic disparities in the disease burden will persist. This study revealed that the overall epidemiological trend of IMIDs has improved. It is necessary to pay more attention to the disease burden of specific groups such as women, children, and elderly individuals. The fact that different SDI regions present different disease burdens further highlights the need for targeted preventive measures.