A review on fretting wear/fatigue behavior, protective measures, and application examples of typical alloy materials

As fastening structures are widely used in mechanical equipment and components, and fretting wear/fatigue often occurs in fastening structures. And fretting wear/fatigue significantly reduces the service lifetime of key components due to its small displacement, high concealment, and fatal damage. And the fretting wear/fatigue behavior of different alloys is increasingly concerned, and how to effectively protect against fretting wear/fatigue is also a key issue of concern for experts and scholars. In this paper, the theory of fretting tribology, the fretting wear/fatigue behavior of friction interfaces of typical alloys, the common protection measures against fretting wear/fatigue, and the application examples of fretting wear/fatigue are reviewed and analyzed. Firstly, the history of the development of the fretting wear phenomenon and fretting tribology is introduced, the causes of the fretting wear phenomenon are explained and mechanically analyzed, and the fretting maps of the running conditions and the fretting maps of the material response are presented to better analyze the fretting wear/fatigue phenomenon. Secondly, the running conditions of typical alloys under different displacement amplitudes and loads are systematically described, and the two measures of surface technology and extrusion reinforcement are systematically analyzed, which provides a good basis for the selection, design, and use of protective measures against failures caused by fretting wear/fatigue in the following key mechanical components. Finally, the common application examples and problems of typical alloys are lists.