A crystalline–amorphous Co9S8/CoOOH heterostructure enables efficient and stable SOR-coupled hydrogen evolution

/CoOOH@NF nanocomposite optimizes charge transfer pathways, increases active site density, and dynamically manages sulfur intermediates to prevent electrode passivation. Furthermore, the amorphous CoOOH layer acts as a self-adaptive shield, alleviating structural stress during prolonged electrolysis and resisting sulfur-induced corrosion. This work provides a novel structural regulation paradigm for designing multifunctional electrocatalysts for SOR-coupled hydrogen evolution.