Combined Effects of Social Determinants of Health on Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights from Bibliometric and NHANES Analyses

BACKGROUND: Evidence on social determinants of health (SDoH) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains limited. METHODS: This two-stage study combined bibliometric analysis (42 studies, 1997-2025) with NHANES data (n=14,420, age ≥60). Survey-weighted logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression examined SDoH-AD associations. Bibliometric results showed heterogeneous, predominantly single-domain analyses. RESULTS: Forty-two studies (1997-2025) indicated increasing but fragmented research dominated by single-domain analyses. In NHANES, employment, food security, marital status, and insurance type correlated with AD. WQS revealed a positive association between overall SDoH mixture and AD (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.14-2.93), with marital status and poverty-income ratio contributing highest weights. DISCUSSION: Multidimensional social disadvantage may be associated with AD, warranting integrated approaches.