Objective To promote the rational use for valproic acid and to provide scientific basis for clinical usage of it by analyzing the results of 268 cases of monitoring serum concentration of valproic acid.Methods The serum concentration of valproic acid was monitored by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA)and the results were analyzed.Results A total of 165 cases of serum concentration(about 61.57% of the whole)were in 50~100 mg·L-1.The average serum concentration of children were relatively higher.Conclusion There is distinct difference in serum concentration of valproic acid in different patients,so it is necessary to prescribe individually by monitoring the serum concentration and the clinical effects.