Acute kidney injury in neonatal intensive care: Medicines involved

BACKGROUND:The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates in the intensive care units and neonatal intensive care (NICU) according Plotz et al. ranges from 8% to 22% [3].According to Andreoli, neonatal death due to AKI in NICU amounts up to 10-61% [1].It should be in the reasons of AKI emphasizeThe role of certain drugs, which are widely used in modern neonatology: nonsteroidal antiinfl ammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics (aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, carbapenems, 3rd generation cephalosporins), furosemide, enalapril, in contributing to AKI should be emphasized [2]. OBJECTIVE:To identify risk factors for acute kidney injury in neonates in intensive care units and intensive care. METHODS:We performed a prospective observational case-control study of full-term newborns who were treated in the intensive care unit and neonatal intensive care of the "Children's city hospital №1" Kazan and NICU №3 "Children's Republican Clinical Hospital" in 2011-2014 years.The study included 86 term infants in critical condition, who were hospitalized to the NICU on the fi rst days of life, -the main group.The main criterion of AKI in neonates according to neonatal AKIN classifi cation (2011) is a serum creatinine concentration ≥1.5 mg/dL.We subdivided the main group into two subgroups: subgroup I, AKI+ consisted of 12 term infants in critical condition with the serum creatinine level ≥ 1,5 mg/dL at the age of not younger than 48 hours after birth, which was 14% of all full-term newborns who were at the NICU;subgroup II, AKI-consisted of 74 term infants in critical condition with the serum creatinine level <1.5 mg/dL at the age of not younger than 48 hours after birth.The control group was formed by random sampling, it consisted of 26 somatically healthy term infants.We used conventional methods for evaluating renal function, and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for the urine biomarker of AKI, IL-18.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, Statistics 20, and the IBM and Microsoft Offi ce Excel 2007.The study results were subjected to statistical analysis using parametric and non-parametric methods of analysis.We present the fi ndings as arithmetic means (M) with, standard deviation (σ) and standard error of the mean (m) according to standard formulas. RESULTS:All children were admitted to primary and emergency care with subsequent transfer to the NICU at 1-2 days of life and further treatment in the department of pathology of newborns (DPN).The duration of hospitalization of infants at the NICU for the main group averaged 5,9 ± 0,44 days; at the DPN (subsequent stage of nursing) -11,42 ± 0,51 days; for the subgroup I, AKI+ newborns these