The vibration characteristics of membrane coupling rotor system were analyzed with finite-element method. And dynamic characteristics and responses were studied while the system got into cracked and rubbing fault conditions. The influences of membrane coupling for the rotor system were studied when it was in the conditions of being bended vibration and bend-torsioning coupling vibration with analyzed the critical rotate speeds of single span rotor and whole rotor system. The influences were studied for the cracked rotor system and rubbing rotor system, too. And the function of membrane coupling to fault diagnosis and machine maintenance is presented by the influences.