The Co-MCM-41 molecular sieve was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The effects of crystallization time, crystallization temperature, p H value and aging time on the crystallization process of Co-MCM-41 mesoporous zeolite were investigated. The optimal conditions were as follows: crystallization temperature was 110 ℃, crystallization time was 48 h, p H value was 10-11 and aging time was 1 h. The experimental results show that mesoporous structure collapses when the calcination temperature was increased to 900 ℃.