Fusarium acuminatum Associated with Root Rot of Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus) in China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 6Fusarium acuminatum Associated with Root Rot of Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus) in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFusarium acuminatum Associated with Root Rot of Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus) in ChinaTao Tang, Fanfan Wang, Jie Guo, Xiaoliang Guo, Yuanyuan Duan, and Jingmao YouTao TangInstitute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Fanfan WangInstitute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Jie GuoInstitute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Xiaoliang GuoInstitute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Yuanyuan DuanInstitute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Jingmao You†Corresponding author: J. M. You; E-mail Address: jingmaoyou@126.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2396-9127Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Tao Tang Fanfan Wang Jie Guo Xiaoliang Guo Yuanyuan Duan Jingmao You † Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, 445000, China Published Online:22 Apr 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2344-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFPDF Plus ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleOphiopogon japonicus (Linn. f.) is a perennial evergreen in the Liliaceae family that is cultivated in many provinces of China due to its high medicinal and economic value. In April 2019, an unknown root rot disease was observed on the rhizomes of O. japonicus in a commercial production field in Xiangyang City (30.83° N, 112.53° E), Hubei Province. Disease incidence was approximately 10 to 20%. Symptoms included chlorosis, drooping, and rolling of the leaves followed by rapid death of the entire plant. Infected roots appeared to be softened, necrotic, and shriveled with reddish fungal growth. Infected tissues were disinfested on the surface with 75% ethanol for 30 s and 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min, rinsed with sterile distilled water, and dried. Small pieces (2 × 2 mm) were then excised from disinfested tissue and incubated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium at 25°C in the dark. After 3 days of incubation, six isolates with 75% isolation rate and the same colony morphology were subcultured and purified by hyphal tip isolation. Purified cultures grew rapidly, and media plates (70 × 70 mm) were covered with hyphae after 3 to 4 days. Cultures were initially white and became pink or red over 5 days. Microconidia were not observed. Macroconidia were produced from monophialides on branched conidiophores, which were slender, equilaterally curved, and measured 32.5 to 53.5 μm in length and 3.5 to 5.1 μm in width, with three to five septa. All strains were preliminarily identified as Fusarium acuminatum (Leslie and Summerell 2006) on the basis of morphology. To confirm the identity of the pathogen, molecular identification was performed with strain MD1. Following DNA extraction, PCR was performed using the TSINGKE 2×T5 Direct PCR Mix kit. Target areas of amplification were internal transcribed spacer (ITS), RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2), and beta-tubulin gene (TUB2) regions of rDNA, using ITS1/4 (Yin et al. 2012), RPB2-5f2/7cr (O’Donnell et al. 2010), and Btu-F-F01/Btu-F-R01 primers (Wang et al. 2014), respectively. Nucleotide sequences were deposited in NCBI (GenBank MT525360.1, MW164629, MT588110.1). BLAST analysis of the ITS sequence had 100% similarity to a 517-bp portion of F. acuminatum sequence in GenBank (MK764994.1); the RPB2 sequence had 100% similarity to a 687-bp portion of F. acuminatum sequence in GenBank (HM068330.1); and the TUB2 sequence had 99% similarity to a 964-bp portion of F. acuminatum sequence in GenBank (KT965741.1). A pathogenicity test was performed in the laboratory on O. japonicus roots with isolate MD1. Mycelial plugs (5 mm) were excised from the margin of colony cultured for 5 days and were placed on 3-year-old tuberous roots, covered with wet sterile cotton, and kept at 25°C under 80% relative humidity. Controls were inoculated with noncolonized PDA plugs (5 mm). All treatments had three replicate plants. On inoculated plants, white hyphae covered O. japonicus roots at 3 days postinoculation (DPI) and became pink, and by 5 DPI roots had rot symptoms. By comparison, the control plants had no symptoms. The pathogen was reisolated from the inoculated roots and exhibited the same morphological characteristics and ITS sequence as those of F. acuminatum. F. acuminatum was reported to cause fruit rot on postharvest pumpkin and Vaccinium corymbosum in China (Li et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2016). To our knowledge, this is the first report of root rot caused by F. acuminatum on O. japonicus in China.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Leslie, J. F., and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, IA. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470278376 Crossref, Google ScholarLi, Y. G., et al. 2019. Plant Dis. 103:1035. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-18-1957-PDN Link, Google ScholarO’Donnell, K., et al. 2010. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:3708. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00989-10 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWang, R. Y., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:160. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0651-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarWang, Y., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:2527. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-16-0529-PDN Link, Google ScholarYin, J., et al. 2012. Ann. Appl. Biol. 160:191. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00532.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: Funding was provided by Science Funds for Young Scholar of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science (grant no. 2020NKYJJ20), National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (grant no. CARS-21), Technology R&D Program of Enshi (grant no. D20190015), Science Funds for Young Scholar of Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (grant no. 2019ZYCJJ03), and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China / Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control (grant no. 2020ZTSJJ6).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 105, No. 6 June 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionDetail of cassava mosaic disease symptoms as observed in the field (K. Chittarath et al.). Photo credit: K. Chittarath. Bird’s-eye lesion symptoms on tomato fruit cv. Ailsa Craig (F. C. Peritore-Galve et al.). Photo credit: F. C. Peritore-Galve. Metrics Downloaded 608 times Article History Issue Date: 19 Oct 2021Published: 22 Apr 2021First Look: 29 Dec 2020Accepted: 24 Dec 2020 Page: 1860 Information© 2021 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingScience Funds for Young Scholar of Hubei Academy of Agricultural ScienceGrant/Award Number: 2020NKYJJ20National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology SystemGrant/Award Number: CARS-21Technology R&D Program of EnshiGrant/Award Number: D20190015Science Funds for Young Scholar of Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesGrant/Award Number: 2019ZYCJJ03Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China / Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds ControlGrant/Award Number: 2020ZTSJJ6Keywordsfungiornamentalsepidemiologydisease development and spreadherbaceous/flowering plantsThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited ByIdentification and Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with Leaf Spot of Muskmelon in Eastern Shandong Province, ChinaXiaoyan Yu, Jing Zhang, Xue Zhang, Xilang Yang, Xi Xu, Jiaying Lin, Hui Bing, Xiangjing Wang, Junwei Zhao, and Wensheng Xiang10 March 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 3