[Standardization of spirometry updated in China and international: comparison and interpretation of the key updates].

Standardization of spirometry was jointly updated by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) in 2019. Similar technical standards for spirometry recommended by the Chinese Thoracic Society (CTS) and/or the Chinese Association of Chest Physicians (CACP) are widely used in China. We compared the key similarities and differences of these recommendations and interpreted the key updates. The ATS/ERS 2019 updates expanded the scope of indications for spirometry and recommended the contraindications based on the pathophysiological perspective, while contraindications recommended by the CTS were based on the severity of contraindications. ISO 26782∶2009 standards were applied by the ATS/ERS 2019 to evaluate the performance quality (reliance for accuracy, repeatability, etc.) of spirometers, while standards adopted 24/26 waves suggested by the ATS 1994 was used by the CTS. The ATS/ERS 2019 also included the performance quality control criteria for 3-L calibration syringe, operator training and attainment and maintenance of competency, grade"U", system warning messages, instructions to patients, and standardized operator comments. Some of these criteria in the CTS were not explained in detail. However, the CTS/CACP emphasized that the spirometry record should report the indices of forced inspiratory phase and small airway function, those are not clearly required in the ATS/ERS 2019. In comparison, the ATS/ERS 2019 has stricter criteria for FEV1 and FVC acceptability than the CTS and more detailed explanations. Those outstanding parts are worth referencing for the updated version of the CTS in the future, while the criteria that combine our own conditions need to be retained and popularized.美国胸科学会（ATS）和欧洲呼吸协会在2019年更新了肺量计检查标准化指南。我国目前应用的指南为中华医学会呼吸病学分会（CTS）发布的肺量计检查指南，以及CTS和中国医师协会呼吸医师分会联合发布的肺功能检查报告规范。本文对比并重点解读了不同版本国内外指南主要内容的异同点。国外指南新增检查适应证，禁忌证设置基于患者病理生理角度，有别于国内指南按禁忌证强度划分；肺量计仪性能测试标准在国内外指南分别采用ATS 标准和ISO 26782∶2009标准测试；国外指南增加了对3 L定标筒的质控规定，并对操作者提出了培训、达标及能力维持要求，质量等级增加了U级，还新增了质控不合格警告，患者指导和标准化操作者评论等标准，这些在国内指南的建议中有些未详细解释。国内指南强调的用力吸气相指标及小气道指标在国外指南中无明确要求。相比而言，国外较国内指南在采用指标的要求更严，原因解释更详细，优秀部分值得我国指南的更新版借鉴，但结合我国国情的肺量计指标需予保留和推广。.