Different size grades of starch grains were plasticized by compound plasticizer respectively and the plasticization process and the rheological property of each thermoplastic micronized starch melt were studied. It was found that along with the size of starch grains decreasing, the reactive area between micronized starch and compound plasticizer increased, which leading to improve the rheological property of thermoplastic micronized starch. So by properly decreasing the size of starch grains, the mechanical property of thermoplastic starch was enhanced.