Bacillus subtilis NBRI-W9 simultaneously activates SAR and ISR against Fusarium chlamydosporum NBRI-FOL7 to increase wilt resistance in tomato

This study concludes that F. chlamydosporum (NBRI-FOL7) is a potent, fungicide-resistant pathogen causing wilt in tomatoes. NBRI-W9 controlled FOL7 through mycoparasitism and simultaneously activated ISR and SAR in plants, providing an attractive tool for disease control that acts at multiple levels.