A mechanical biosensor based on membrane-mediated magneto-stress-electric coupled sensitization for human serum albumin detection

under a magnetic field of 50 mT. The LOD was significantly 1 order of magnitude lower than that without the magnetic field. Besides, the MSEC-MMB showed a high specificity, selectivity, and stability. The clinical proteinuria samples were accurately detected, suggesting a good practicability of the MSEC-MMB. All these results proved the high sensitivity and practicality of the MSEC-MMB and provide a platform for early nephropathy diagnosis.