DNA damage response-related ncRNAs as regulators of therapy resistance in cancer

DNA损伤 非编码RNA 小RNA 生物 放射治疗 DNA修复 基因组不稳定性 癌症研究 癌症 长非编码RNA 核糖核酸 癌细胞 基因 DNA 生物信息学 遗传学 医学 内科学
作者
Ziru Gao,Xinchi Luan,Xuezhe Wang,Tianyue Han,Xiaoyuan Li,Zeyang Li,Peifeng Li,Zhixia Zhou
出处
期刊:Frontiers in Pharmacology [Frontiers Media]
卷期号:15
标识
DOI:10.3389/fphar.2024.1390300
摘要

The DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway is a complex signaling cascade that can sense DNA damage and trigger cellular responses to DNA damage to maintain genome stability and integrity. A typical hallmark of cancer is genomic instability or nonintegrity, which is closely related to the accumulation of DNA damage within cancer cells. The treatment principles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer are based on their cytotoxic effects on DNA damage, which are accompanied by severe and unnecessary side effects on normal tissues, including dysregulation of the DDR and induced therapeutic tolerance. As a driving factor for oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) have been shown to play an important role in cancer cell resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recently, it has been found that ncRNA can regulate tumor treatment tolerance by altering the DDR induced by radiotherapy or chemotherapy in cancer cells, indicating that ncRNA are potential regulatory factors targeting the DDR to reverse tumor treatment tolerance. This review provides an overview of the basic information and functions of the DDR and ncRNAs in the tolerance or sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. We focused on the impact of ncRNA (mainly microRNA [miRNA], long noncoding RNA [lncRNA], and circular RNA [circRNA]) on cancer treatment by regulating the DDR and the underlying molecular mechanisms of their effects. These findings provide a theoretical basis and new insights for tumor-targeted therapy and the development of novel drugs targeting the DDR or ncRNAs.
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