Unravelling the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease multiplex families with rare and common variant polygenic risk scores

Multiplex IBD families show diverse genetic architecture, with almost half showing a high burden of common and/or rare risk variants. While genetic predispositions to smoking influences IBD risk in sporadic cases, it provides limited insights into familial IBD. These findings highlight the genetic complexity within multiplex families and the need for tailored research approaches such as risk stratification and genetic screening strategies.