晶体孪晶
钛酸钡
结晶学
材料科学
亚稳态
杂质
猝灭(荧光)
六方晶系
Crystal(编程语言)
堆积
凝聚态物理
光学
化学
电介质
微观结构
物理
荧光
光电子学
有机化学
计算机科学
程序设计语言
标识
DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1959.tb13572.x
摘要
The purpose of this study was to try to find out why BaTiO3 (essentially a cubic structure) can consistently be grown from KF solutions as large flat plates when a more equant morphology is expected. It is suggested that the size, shape, and perfection of the platelike “butterfly” twin crystals can be qualitatively related to the re-entrant angles which result from {111} twinning of crystals of {100} habit. The re-entrant angles form permanent steps for both the advancing crystal tip and for the growth layers of the wings. The amount of twinning is related to the cooling rate and to the presence of certain impurities. Thus it can be shown that increasing the cooling rate increases the number of {111} twins (essentially a hexagonal stacking fault); the extreme case is the metastable formation of hexagonal barium titanate by quenching. Evidence is presented for the stabilization of the Ti2O9 group of the hexagonal structure by substitution of ions of lower polarizing power.
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