Nano-cellular carbon current collectors with stable cyclability for Li–S batteries

Li–S batteries have been investigated with a simple modification of the electrode configuration by applying a nano-cellular carbon current collector (NC current collector). This micro-meso-macro-porous electrode is composed of interwoven carbon fibers with the carbon nanofoam firmly attached to them. The nanofoam plate functions as a reservoir to store the active material and localize the dissolved polysulfides, stabilizing the electrochemical reaction within the cathode region. As a result, the NC current collector offers a considerably high discharge capacity and superior cycle stability.