Postoperative depression and anxiety in patients undergoing intestinal tumor surgery: Incidence, predictors, and impact on quality of life

Psychological disorders after surgery for intestinal tumors are closely related to inflammation activation and nutritional imbalance, and are most significant in the early postoperative period. Intraoperative hypotension and postoperative NLR/AFR abnormalities are strong predictors of psychological risks. Inflammatory markers also play a key intermediary role in the impact of postoperative psychological disorders on quality of life. We recommend measuring NLR and AFR at 24 hours postoperatively, with intervention thresholds set at NLR > 7.0 and AFR < 12.0. Intraoperative blood pressure should be maintained above 90 mmHg to reduce psychological risks. Importantly, a physical and mental integration rehabilitation model should be implemented.